From 99baacb1f33acaea45b00e6661c29302b01562a6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ottjk <joshott16@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 31 Dec 2023 15:01:25 -0500
Subject: sway and tex

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+%% ****** Start of file apsguide4-2.tex ****** %
+%%
+%%   This file is part of the APS files in the REVTeX 4.2 distribution.
+%%   Version 4.2b of REVTeX, December 2018.
+%%
+%%   Copyright (c) 2019 The American Physical Society.
+%%
+%%   See the REVTeX 4.2 README file for restrictions and more information.
+%%
+\documentclass[twocolumn,secnumarabic,amssymb, nobibnotes, aps, prd]{revtex4-2}
+%\usepackage{acrofont}%NOTE: Comment out this line for the release version!
+\newcommand{\revtex}{REV\TeX\ }
+\newcommand{\classoption}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
+\newcommand{\macro}[1]{\texttt{\textbackslash#1}}
+\newcommand{\m}[1]{\macro{#1}}
+\newcommand{\env}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
+\setlength{\textheight}{9.5in}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\title{APS Author Guide for \revtex~4.2}%
+
+\author{American Physical Society}%
+\email[REVTeX Support: ]{revtex@aps.org}
+\affiliation{1 Research Road, Ridge, NY 11961}
+\date{December 2018}%
+\maketitle
+\tableofcontents
+
+\section{Introduction}
+Articles published in American Physical Society journals are converted to 
+an XML file during final journal production. Other formats such
+as PDF are derived directly from the XML, which constitutes the version of record. 
+Even before journal production, the APS editorial process can make use
+of the information in a properly prepared manuscript. Information such
+as title, authors, affiliations, etc., can be automatically
+extracted and used to populate our manuscript database. References can
+also be culled, cross-checked for accuracy, and used to create a
+linked version for referees and editors. Moreover, time can be saved
+as referrals can be made electronically rather than by conventional
+mail. Thus, a well-prepared electronic manuscript can enhance the
+entire peer review process from author to reader while making the
+whole process less expensive. To this end, authors should follow the
+guidelines in this document when preparing their submissions to \textit{Physical Review Letters},
+ \textit{Reviews of Modern Physics},  \textit{Physical Review A-E, Physical Review X, Physical Review Applied. Physical Review Fluids, Physical Review Materials, Physical Review Accelerators and Beams,} and \textit{Physical Review Physics Education Research}.
+ 
+Updated versions of this document will be made available at  \url{https://journals.aps.org/revtex/}. For more complete
+descriptions of how to use the \revtex\ 4.2 macros, please see the
+\textit{\revtex~4.2 Author's Guide} included with the \revtex~4.2
+distribution. Questions about \revtex\ 4.2 and using it to submit to APS journals may be
+emailed to \texttt{revtex@aps.org}.
+
+\section{Formatting}
+\subsection{Preprint, reprint, and twocolumn options}
+\revtex~4.2 offers a \classoption{reprint} class option to typeset a manuscript
+in a format that is a close approximation to the actual journal's appearance. It should
+be emphasized that this is only an \textit{approximation}; a manuscript may be substantially different
+in length or appearance after it goes through our production process. This is mostly due to the choice
+of fonts and the scaling of figures.
+
+\revtex\ 4.2 is designed to
+make it straightforward to switch between two-column and single-column
+formatting just by changing the class option. Authors may submit with
+either the \classoption{reprint} or the \classoption{twocolumn} class options.
+The \classoption{preprint} primarily does three things: It increases
+the font size to 12pt, increases the line spacing, and changes the
+formatting to single column.
+
+\subsection{Paper size}
+Manuscripts should be submitted to APS formatted for letter size
+paper. Papers are sent electronically to referees who may
+want to print them out. Letter size formatting ensures that this will
+be trouble free for all referees.
+
+\section{Marking up front matter}
+Perhaps the most important macros are those 
+pertaining to the markup of the front matter (title, authors,
+affiliations, abstract, etc.). Note that proper
+use of the \revtex\ 4.2 macros means that explicit centering environments
+in the front matter are not needed and should not be used.
+
+\subsection{Title}
+The title of the manuscript should be specified using the \m{title} macro. A
+double backslash {\textbackslash\textbackslash} may be used to force a line break in a long
+title.
+
+\subsection{Authors, affiliations, and collaborations}
+\label{sec:authors}
+\revtex\ 4.2 makes it straightforward to input author names and link them up properly with affiliations. Authors should let \revtex\ 4.2 do the work of grouping authors and affiliations and, if using the superscript style, numbering affiliations. Please follow these guidelines:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Use a single \m{author} macro for each author's name. \revtex\ 4.2 automatically puts in all commas and the word `and.'
+\item Use the \m{surname} macro to explicitly indicate if an author's family name consists of more than one name or if the family name is not the author's last name.
+\item The \m{email} macro may be used to specify an author's e-mail
+address. The \m{thanks} macro must not be used for this. Only the
+e-mail address itself may appear in the macro's required argument.
+\item The \m{homepage} macro may be used to specify a URL associated
+with an author. The \m{thanks} macro must not be used for this. Only the
+URL may appear in the macro's required argument.
+\item The \m{altaffiliation} macro may be used to specify an alternate
+affiliation or temporary address for an author. The \m{thanks} macro
+must not be used for this. Only the affiliation
+may appear in the macro's required argument.
+\item The \m{thanks} macro may be used only if one of the more
+specific macros list above does not apply.
+\item Use a single \m{affiliation} for each affiliation.
+\item Superscripts linking authors to affiliations must be
+accomplished using the \classoption{superscriptaddress} class option
+rather than putting in explicit superscripts by hand.
+\item A collaboration may be specified by using the \m{collaboration}
+macro. The \m{author} macro must not be used for collaborations.
+\end{itemize}
+\subsection{Abstract}
+The abstract must be specified using the \env{abstract}
+environment. Note that in \revtex\ 4.2, the abstract must come before
+the \m{maketitle} command. \revtex\ 4.2 now allows the the use of the \env{description}
+environment within the abstract to provide \textit{structured abstracts}. For instance, \textit{Physical Review C} would like authors to provide abstracts with sections summarizing the paper's  \textbf{Background}, \textbf{Purpose}, \textbf{Method}, \textbf{Results}, and \textbf{Conclusions}. This can be accomplished in the following manner:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{abstract}
+\begin{description}
+\item[Background] This part would describe the
+context needed to understand what the paper
+is about.
+\item[Purpose] This part would state the purpose
+of the present paper.
+\item[Method] This part describe the methods
+used in the paper.
+\item[Results] This part would summarize the
+results.
+\item[Conclusions] This part would state the
+conclusions of the paper.
+\end{description}
+\end{abstract}
+\end{verbatim}
+
+\section{References and footnotes}
+Authors are strongly encouraged
+to use Bib\TeX\ when preparing their bibliographies.  If Bib\TeX\ is used, current production processes
+require that the \texttt{.bbl} file be included directly into the
+manuscript's main \texttt{.tex} file. \revtex\ 4.2 comes with two Bib\TeX\ style files for formatting
+references, one for the \textit{Physical Review} journals and one 
+for \textit{Review of Modern Physics}. In 4.2, the Bib\TeX\ styles have been modified to display journal article titles in the bibliography.
+
+The following apply whether
+Bib\TeX\ is used or not.  
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Authors should use the \m{cite} and \m{bibitem} commands to create
+bibliographies and to refer to items in the bibliography. ``By hand"
+numbering of references should be avoided.
+\item \revtex~4.2 provides new syntax for combining multiple citations into a single entry in the bibliography and for putting extra text before and after a reference. Please refer to \textit{\revtex~4.2 Author's Guide} included with the \revtex~4.2 distribution for full details.
+\item Footnotes must be specified using the \m{footnote}
+macro. \revtex\ 4.2 will place the footnotes in
+the bibliography for the \textit{Physical Review}
+journals. Please note that even if you don't use Bib\TeX, you may have to run Bib\TeX\ to get the footnotes to appear. Footnotes giving additional information about authors (such
+as e-mail addresses) must not be specified using the \m{footnote}
+macro (see Section~\ref{sec:authors}).
+\item Avoid custom footnotes using \m{footnotemark} and \m{footnotetext} [except in the context of tables (see
+Section~\ref{sec:tablenotes})].
+\item References should be formatted and specified according to the
+\textit{Physical Review Style Guide}. Note that using Bib\TeX\ automatically ensures this.
+\item URLs should be specified using the \m{url} macro. Bib\TeX\ will automatically take
+care of this if the \texttt{url} field is used.
+\item E-print identifiers should be included using the \m{eprint} macro. Bib\TeX\ will automatically take care of this if the \texttt{eprint} field is used.
+\end{itemize}
+
+Please see the \revtex~4.2 Author's Guide for new features in \revtex~4.2's APS Bib\TeX\ styles, including support for citing data sets, journals that use DOIs in place of page numbers, and journals that use year and issue instead of volume to uniquely identify articles.
+
+\section{Body of the paper}
+\subsection{Sectioning and cross-referencing}
+For sectioning a manuscript, the basic rule is to use the appropriate
+sectioning commands (\m{section}, \m{subsection}, \m{subsubsection},
+\textit{etc.}). Cross-referencing a section must be done by using the
+proper \m{label} and \m{ref} commands. Cross-referencing by hand is
+not allowed. \m{part}, \m{chapter}, and \m{subparagraph} should not be
+used.
+
+\subsection{Appendices}
+Appendices should be specified using the \m{appendix} command which
+specifies that all following sections create with the \m{section}
+commands are appendices. If there is only one appendix, then the
+\m{appendix*} command should be used instead.
+
+\subsection{Acknowledgments}
+Any acknowledgments should be included by using the
+\env{acknowledgments} environment. Note that in \revtex~4.2, this is
+an environment and not a command.
+
+\subsection{Counters}
+No counters may be created and the standard ones may not be
+altered. If an exceptional label is needed for an equation, the \m{tag}
+command (requires the \classoption{amsmath} class option) should be used. Please
+note that the use of the \m{tag} command may conflict with the use of the \classoption{hyperref} package
+due an incompatibility between \classoption{amsmath} and \classoption{hyperref}.
+
+\subsection{Fonts}
+It is preferable to avoid the older \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ 2.09 macros for
+controlling fonts such as \m{rm}, \m{it}, \textit{etc.} Rather, it is
+better to use the macros introduced in \LaTeXe.  If the older font
+commands are used (they really should be avoided!), be sure to use
+curly braces to properly limit the extent of the font
+change. \verb+{\bf ...}+ is the correct method.
+Commands for controlling text and math font changes are summarized in
+Table~\ref{tab:fonts}.
+
+\begin{table}
+\caption{\label{tab:fonts}\LaTeXe\ and AMS-\LaTeX\ font summary.}
+\begin{ruledtabular}
+\begin{tabular}{lp{2in}}
+\m{textit} & Italics. Replaces \m{it}\\
+\m{textbf} & Bold face. Replaces \m{bf}\\
+\m{textrm} & Roman. Replaces \m{rm}\\
+\m{textsl} & Slanted. Replaces \m{sl}\\
+\m{textsc} & Small caps. Replaces \m{sc}\\
+\m{textsf} & Sans serif. Replaces \m{sf}\\
+\m{texttt} & Typewriter. Replaces \m{tt}\\
+\m{textmd} & Medium series\\
+\m{textnormal} & Normal\\
+\m{textup} & Upright\\
+\m{mathbf} & Bold face\\
+\m{mathcal} & Replaces \m{cal}\\
+\m{mathit} & Italics\\
+\m{mathnormal} & Replaces \m{mit}\\
+\m{mathsf} & Sans serif\\
+\m{mathtt} & Typewriter\\
+\m{mathfrak} & Fraktur: Requires \classoption{amsfonts} or \classoption{amssymb} class option\\
+\m{mathbb} & Bold blackboard: Requires \classoption{amsfonts} or \classoption{amssymb} class option\\
+\m{bm} & Bold Greek and other math symbols: Requires
+\verb+\usepackage{bm}+ and may require the \classoption{amsfonts} class
+option
+\end{tabular}
+\end{ruledtabular}
+\end{table}
+
+Bold Greek letters and other bold math symbols should be accomplished
+with the use of \texttt{bm.sty} which is distributed as a required
+tool with the latest versions of \LaTeXe\ and should be loaded via
+\verb+\usepackage{bm}+. This package introduces the \m{bm}
+macro. Some bold characters may require using the
+\classoption{amsfonts} class option.
+
+New fonts may not be declared with \m{newfont}. Font attribute
+commands for selecting a font family, shape, and series are all
+disallowed; the standard \LaTeXe\ font selection macros list above
+should be used instead.
+
+Finally, the \m{symbol} macro is also not allowed.
+
+\subsection{Environments}
+\subsubsection{Lists}
+The standard list environments \texttt{itemize}, \texttt{enumerate},
+and \texttt{description} are allowed. The \m{item} macro with or without
+the optional argument is also allowed. Customization of the list environments
+(with macros such as \m{labelstyle}, \m{labelitemi}, \m{labelenumi},
+\m{itemsep}, etc.) is allowed but may be ignored in production.
+Generalized lists (\m{begin\{list\}}) and trivial lists
+(\m{begin\{trivlist\}}) are not allowed.
+
+\subsubsection{Other Environments}
+Creating generalized new environments with \m{newenvironment} is not
+allowed. Creating a new theorem environment with \m{newtheorem} is
+allowed though.
+
+The tabbing environment and the macros \m{=}, \m{$>$}, \m{`}, and
+\m{'} are allowed but may be ignored in production. Conversion
+programs used in production should recognize the escapes \m{a=},
+\m{a'}, and \m{a`} for using the corresponding accents within a
+tabbing environment though.
+
+The \env{verbatim} environment is allowed.
+
+\subsection{Boxes}
+Most boxes and macros to manipulate them are not allowed. These
+include \m{raisebox}, \m{parbox}, \m{minipage}, \m{rulebox},
+\m{framebox}, \m{mbox}, \m{fbox}, \m{savebox}, \m{newsavebox},
+\m{sbox}, \m{usebox}, and the environment \m{begin\{lrbox\}}. Rules
+produced with \m{rule} are not allowed.
+
+\subsubsection{Margin Notes}
+Margin notes created with \m{marginpar} are not allowed, as are the
+associated style parameters \m{marginparwidth}, \m{marginparsep}, and
+\m{marginparpush}.
+
+
+\section{Math Markup}
+In general, all math markup and the standard math environments from
+\LaTeXe\ are allowed. These include \m{begin\{math\}},
+\m{begin\{displaymath\}}, \m{begin\{equation\}},
+\m{begin\{eqnarray\}}, and \m{begin\{eqnarray*\}}. The shortcuts \$,
+\$\$, \m{[}, and \m{]} are allowed. In addition, authors may use
+almost all of the additional markup introduced by AMS-\LaTeX\ by using
+the \classoption{amsmath} class option. The explicit exceptions are
+\m{genfrac}, \m{boxed}, and \m{smash}. The markup contained in
+\texttt{amsextra} and \texttt{amsthm} may not be used
+though. Commutative diagrams created with the \texttt{amscd} package
+are acceptable.
+
+\section{Figures}
+\subsection{Figure inclusions}
+Figures should be included into a \revtex~4.2 manuscript by using the
+standard \LaTeXe\ macros. \LaTeXe\ includes
+several powerful packages for including the files in various
+formats. The two main packages are \texttt{graphics} and
+\texttt{graphicx}. Both offer a macro called
+\m{includegraphics};
+they mainly differ in how arguments for
+controlling figure placement (\textit{e.g.}, scaling and rotation)
+are passed to the \m{includegraphics}.
+
+The \env{figure} environment should be used to add a caption to the
+figure and to allow \LaTeX\ to number and place the figures where they
+fit best.  If a figure needs to be referred to in the text,
+rather than manually numbering the figures a \m{label} should be added
+to the figure environment (best practice is to put the label within
+the argument of the \m{caption} command) and the \m{ref} macro should be used to
+reference this label. Figures that span the page should use the
+\m{figure*} environment. The \env{picture} environment must not be
+used directly (one can include an Encapsulated PostScript figure that
+was produced using the \env{picture} environment of course).
+
+\subsection{\label{sec:figplace}Figure placement}
+Figures should be placed as close as possible to the point where they are first
+referenced. There is no need to place all figures
+separately at the end of the manuscript and it is preferred that
+authors leave the figures in their natural locations. Authors may
+also find useful the \revtex~4.2 \classoption{floatfix} class option
+which adds emergency float placement processing to avoid ``stuck''
+floats which would otherwise be deferred to the end of the job (and
+can lead to the fatal \texttt{``Too many unprocessed floats''}
+message).
+
+
+\section{Tables}
+\label{sec:tables}
+The standard \LaTeXe\ table formatting environments are supported as is
+the use of the \texttt{longtable} package. Tables may be reformatted
+during production to meet APS style guidelines.
+Here are some helpful hints for trying to get tables formatted correctly:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Use the \texttt{longtable} package to get tables to break
+across pages.
+\item The macro \m{squeezetable} will reduce the font size of the
+table. This macro must occur within a group outside the table
+environment. The proper markup is:
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begingroup
+\squeezetable
+\begin{table}
+...
+\end{table}
+\endgroup
+\end{verbatim}
+\item Try using the float placement option \texttt{H} which will
+enable \LaTeX\ to break a float across pages. Long tables are more
+attractively set with \env{longtable} however.
+\begin{verbatim}
+\begin{table}[H]
+\begin{ruledtabular}
+\begin{tabular}
+...
+\end{tabular}
+\end{ruledtabular}
+\end{table}
+\end{verbatim}
+\end{itemize}
+
+\subsection{Doubled rules and table formatting}
+\revtex\ 4.2 provides the \env{ruledtabular} environment which
+automatically puts the scotch rules (double lines) around tables and
+formats all enclosed \env{tabular} environments to the full width of
+the tables and improves inter-column spacing. This environment should
+be used whenever possible.
+
+\subsection{Wide tables}
+When typesetting using \classoption{twocolumn}, tables can either span
+a single column or both columns. Using the '\verb+*+'-ed version of
+the \env{table} or \env{longtable} environments produces wide tables
+that span the columns.
+
+Tables that are very wide and that may be better typeset in a
+landscape orientation (rotated 90 degrees) should be enclosed in a
+\env{turnpage} environment. This will place the rotated table on its own
+page. Note that some dvi previewers may not be able to show the table
+properly, but \texttt{dvips} and \texttt{pdflatex} work correctly.
+
+\subsection{Table placement}
+Tables should be placed as close as possible to the point where they
+are first referenced. There is no need to place all tables separately
+at the end of the manuscript and this is not desirable for APS
+purposes. The class option \classoption{floatfix} may be helpful for
+table placement as well as figure placement (see Section~\ref{sec:figplace}).
+
+\subsection{Aligning columns on a decimal point}
+The standard \LaTeXe\ macro package \classoption{dcolumn} should be
+used to accomplish this.
+
+\subsection{Tablenotes}
+\label{sec:tablenotes}
+Footnotes in tables (tablenotes) should use the \m{footnote}
+macro. However, if more than one reference to the same footnote is
+needed, authors may use \m{footnotetext} and \m{footnotemark}. This
+will produce notes (labeled by lower-case roman letters) inserted
+below the table rather than in the reference section or at the bottom
+of the page.
+
+
+\section{Author-defined macros}
+Authors may define convenience macros to save keystrokes. This means
+that the macros may not invoke \TeX\ macros such as \m{if} or other
+context dependent commands. Also, \LaTeXe\ provides three macros for
+declaring new commands: \m{providecommand}, \m{newcommand}, and
+\m{renewcommand} (as well as their `\verb+*+'-ed versions). These
+should be used. Authors may not use \TeX\relax's low-level commands
+\m{def}, \m{edef}, and \m{gdef}.
+
+\section{Summary}
+To ensure the best use of \TeX\ manuscripts, authors need to follow
+the guidelines specified here. Use of low-level formatting commands to
+finely control horizontal and vertical spacing may be ignored during
+production, or even worse, make it impossible to convert the
+manuscript to XML. Authors should keep
+things as simple as possible and correctly use the proper \revtex~4.2
+or \LaTeXe\ macros. Any questions about usage may be directed to
+\texttt{revtex@aps.org}.
+
+\end{document}
+
-- 
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